The Role of Tissue Resection Length in the Determination of Post-Operative Eyelid Position for Muller’s Muscle-Conjunctival Resection Surgery

Purpose: To investigate the relationships between pre-operative marginal reflex distance (MRD), tissue resection length, phenylephrine response, and change in MRD with surgery for a cohort of individuals undergoing Muller’s muscle conjunctival resection (MMCR) surgery.

Methods: All cases of MMCR surgery performed over a 13-year period at a single institution were screened for entry. Individuals with adequate photographic documentation and follow up were included. Patients with previous or concurrent upper eyelid, orbital or eyebrow disease of surgery were excluded. Marginal reflex distance (MRD) was calculated based on photographs utilizing public domain software. Data was plotted for inspection and appropriate statistical tests were performed.

Results: During the study period 198 eyes fit criteria for analysis. A loose association between tissue resection length and change in MRD with surgery was found (r?=?0.176, p?p?=?0.367). There was a strong association between MRD change with surgery and pre-operative MRD (r?=?0.498, p?r?=??0.441, p?2?mm and pre-operative MRD as variables revealed a model with pre-operative MRD as the only significant predictor (p?Conclusion: Tissue resection length and phenylephrine response play small roles relative to pre-operative MRD in the determination of change in MRD with MMCR surgery.     

应用负压封闭引流治疗高位小肠瘘

目的观察和评价采用负压封闭引流(vacuum sealing drainage,VSD)治疗高位小肠外瘘的临床效果。方法笔者科室2014年3月~2015年12月收治12例高位小肠外瘘患者,其中男性7例,女性5例,年龄32~65岁,平均52岁。对瘘口及瘘道采用VSD进行引流,同时辅以营养、支持、抗感染等手段进行治疗。结果全组患者瘘口全部关闭愈合,避免了手术,且愈合时间较短,平均愈合时间45.3d。结论采用VSD应用于高位小肠外瘘引流效果较常规方法优势明显,既能有效控制感染,又能明显缩短愈合时间,值得推广。     

PERK/CHOP contributes to the CGK733-induced vesicular calcium sequestration which is accompanied by non-apoptotic cell death

Calcium ions (Ca²⁺) are indispensable for the physiology of organisms and the molecular regulation of cells. We observed that CGK733, a synthetic chemical substance, induced non-apoptotic cell death and stimulated reversible calcium sequestration by vesicles in pancreatic cancer cells. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2-alpha kinase 3/C/EBP homologous protein (PERK/CHOP) signaling pathway was shown to be activated by treatment with CGK733. Ionomycin, an ER stress drug and calcium ionophore, can activate PERK/CHOP signaling and accelerate CGK733-induced calcium sequestration. Knockdown of CHOP diminished CGK733-induced vesicular calcium sequestration, but had no effects on the cell death. Proteomic analysis demonstrated that the ER-located calcium-binding proteins, calumenin and protein S100-A11, were altered in CGK733-treated cells compared to non-treated controls. Our study reveals that CGK733-induced intracellular calcium sequestration is correlated with the PERK/CHOP signaling pathway and may also be involved in the dysregulations of calcium-binding proteins.